Collective Interview on the History of Town Meetings

As illustrated in the introduction, the special issue ends with a ‘collective interview’ to some distinguished scholars that have given an important contribution to the study of New England Town Meetings. The collective interview has been realized by submitting three questions to our interviewees, who responded individually in written. The text of the answers has not been edited, if not minimally. However, the editors have broken up longer individual answers in shorter parts. These have been subsequently rearranged in an effort to provide, as much as possible, a fluid structure and a degree of interaction among the different perspectives provided by our interviewees on similar issues. The final version of this interview has been edited and approved by all interviewees

The Zenne: Male Belly Dancers and Queer Modernity in Contemporary Turkey

This article explores the history and contemporary revival of male belly dancers-zenne or köçek-in Turkey and in cities with large Turkish populations, such as Berlin. What does the current revival of male belly dancing tell us about the relationship between modern ideologies of sex and gender and narratives of modernity as they have taken shape in Turkey? The zenne dancer embodies the contradictions of contemporary Turkish culture, which includes a variety of same-sex practices, along with sexual taxonomies that have developed in collusion with discourses of modernity. The revival of zenne dancing can be seen as part of a series of global transformations in the visibility of gay, lesbian, and trans people in popular culture and public discourse. However, it is also an unpredicted consequence of the Justice and Development Party's (Adalet ve Kalkinma Partisi, AKP) purposeful revival and romanticization of Turkey's Ottoman past, which has been ahistorically remembered as more pious than the present. Re-emerging in the twenty-first century as an embodiment of competing definitions of sexuality and modernity in contemporary Turkey, precisely at a moment when Turkish national identity is a hotly contested issue, the zenne dancer is queer ghost, returning to haunt (and seduce) the present. © Copyright International Federation for Theatre Research 2017

Racing toward history: Utopia and progress in John Guare's a Free Man of Color

This article examines the way John Guare's A Free Man of Color (2010) mobilizes a metatheatrical aesthetic to question the methods we use to organize our understandings of the past and formulate our projections of the future. Looking specifically at George C. Wolfe's production at Lincoln Center's Vivian Beaumont Theatre and drawing on the work of Reinhart Koselleck and Ernst Bloch, the article shows how Guare's densely textured epic stages a metatheatrical duel between two competing forces of history: one grounded in Enlightenment notions of progress (rational, linear, forward movement), the other in utopia (an imagined future always on the horizon). As progress and utopia jostle for the authority to define the history - and so also the future - that the play re-enacts, it becomes clear to the audience that what is at stake, in our present, is the meanings and practices of citizenship, race, sexuality, and class that history defines. © University of Toronto

Fantasies of Exposure: Belly Dancing, the Veil, and the Drag of History

[No abstract available

Induction of the Synthesis of Triton-Soluble Proteins in Human Keratinocytes by Gamma Interferon

Recombinant human gamma interferon (r-IFN-γ) induces the synthesis and expression of HLA-DR antigen on cultured, normal, human keratinocytes depleted of Langerhans cells. After removal of r-IFN-γ from the culture medium of keratinocytes that are expressing HLA-DR antigen, the cells continue to express this antigen for at least 2 days. r-IFN-γ induces, in a dose dependent fashion, the synthesis of several triton-soluble proteins with the most prominent having an apparent molecular weight of 53,000. Whereas normal keratinocytes do not express HLADR antigen in vivo, they do express HLA-DR in a variety of skin diseases such as lichen planus, graft-versushost disease, and mycosis fungoides. We propose that an understanding of lymphocyte-keratinocyte interactions in vivo may be achieved by further studies of the mechanism of action of r-IFN-γ on cultured keratinocytes and that the results may provide insight into the pathophysiology leading to a number of common inflammatory and neoplastic skin diseases

Deliberative and Non-Deliberative Negotiations

Theorists in all three major branches of deliberative theory have traditionally excluded from the concept of deliberation simple convergence to an outcome as well as any form of negotiation. In a major reformulation of the deliberative ideal, this paper argues that not only convergence but also incompletely theorized agreements, integrative negotiations, and fully cooperative distributive negotiations are valid forms of democratic deliberation. The analysis takes the absence of coercive power as the central feature of the “regulative ideal” of deliberation (a regulative ideal being a standard, admittedly impossible to achieve fully, toward which to strive). In their ideal forms, these four methods of achieving agreement do not involve coercive power. In the ideal, therefore, they are fully deliberative forms of negotiation. Democracies also need non-deliberative forms of negotiation and decision, which should be judged on other criteria, including the degree to which the parties involve exercise equal power

Effects of Recombinant Interleukin 1 and Interleukin 2 on Human Keratinocytes

The effects of recombinant interleukin 1 alpha and beta, as well as recombinant interleukin 2, on human keratinocyte proliferation were studied in serum-containing as well as defined media. Both interleukin 1 preparations did not stimulate keratinocyte growth; interleukin 2 also did not stimulate keratinocyte growth. To determine whether interleukin 1 beta binds to keratinocytes, a cell membrane assay was developed for these cells. Iodinated interleukin 1 beta binds to keratinocytes with a kD of 6.2nm and 2500 receptors per cell. To determine the effects of interleukin 1 beta on protein synthesis, the molecular patterns of radiolabeled cell extracts of interleukin 1 beta-treated and nontreated keratinocytes were compared using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. No significant changes in the molecular pattern of newly synthesized proteins were detected. Finally, none of these lymphokines induced HLA-DR expression by keratinocytes

'Word from the street' : when non-electoral representative claims meet electoral representation in the United Kingdom

Taking the specific case of street protests in the UK – the ‘word from the street’– this article examines recent (re)conceptualizations of political representation, most particularly Saward’s notion of ‘representative claim’. The specific example of nonelectoral claims articulated by protestors and demonstrators in the UK is used to illustrate: the processes of making, constituting, evaluating and accepting claims for and by constituencies and audiences; and the continuing distinctiveness of claims based upon electoral representation. Two basic questions structure the analysis: first, why would the political representative claims of elected representatives trump the nonelectoral claims of mass demonstrators and, second, in what ways does the ‘perceived legitimacy’ of the former differ from the latter